Levitt and Dubner use pathos in the book Freakonomics to create a negative or positive feel using emotion. “The early Klan did its work through pamphleteering, lynching, shooting, burning, castrating, pistol-whipping, and a thousand forms of intimidation. They targeted former slaves and any whites who supported the blacks’ right to vote, acquire land, or gain an education” ( Page 52 of Freakonomics). The Klan was abusive towards blacks and anyone that supported them, therefore creating a negative reaction to the Ku Klux Klan. Levitt and Dubner make this emotion by listing the things that happened to the black population, making the reader realize that the blacks struggled during this time. The authors describe the negative effect of cocaine on the black population, “ After decades of decline, black infant mortality began to soar in the 1980s, as did the rate of low-birth weight babies and parent abandonment. The gap between black and white schoolchildren widened. The number of blacks sent to prison tripled. Crack was so dramatically destructive that if its effect is averaged for all black Americans, not just crack users and their families, you will see that the group’s postwar progress was not only stopped cold but was often knocked as much as ten years backward” ( Page 112 of Freakonomics). This is very emotional for the reader because Levitt and Dubner describe all the ways that blacks have been affected by crack, which is every worst way possible. The information and statistics that the authors provide show that the crack had a very negative reaction. Parents have a negative effect on their children in multiple ways, one being, and “Fear is in fact a major component of the act of parenting. A parent, after all, is the steward of another creature’s life, a creature who in the beginning is more helpless than the newborn of nearly any other species. This leads a lot of parents to spend a lot of their parenting energy being simply being scared. The problem is that they are often scared of the wrong things” ( Page 149 of Freakonomics). Levitt and Dubner display this emotion as fear and being negative towards the child because the parent is worrying more than parenting.